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The relationship between health and height is reinforced by the significant impact of healthcare expenditure. We see this reflected in Arab states where health expenditure is much lower than their income level would predict. For example, compare Oman and the Netherlands: the average male height of the Dutch is 182cm – 13 centimeters taller than the average in Oman. Both countries have high levels of income per capita. But the Netherlands spends much more on healthcare: healthcare expenditure in Oman is 4.0% of gross domestic product (GDP) versus 10.1% of GDP in the Netherlands. In conclusion, relying entirely on the height and weight chart to determine what your ideal weight is not recommended.

The maturity of a child's skeletal system might be estimated by using a bone age study. It consists of taking a single X-ray of the left wrist, hand, and fingers. It is a painless procedure that exposes the individual to a very small amount of radiation. Afterward, the image is compared to standard images from a bone development atlas created from studies on a large number of kids. Bone age is measured in years.CDC Growth Charts of the United States are good sources of information to evaluate the growth situation of a child. These growth charts consist of percentile curves illustrating the distribution of specific body measurements of children in the United States. In total, there are 16 charts that contain data that can be used to compare the growth of a child over time. Measurements such as height, weight, and head circumference of a child can be compared to the expected values based on data from these growth charts of children of the same age and sex. In general, children maintain a fairly constant growth curve, which is why these charts can be used to predict the adult height of a child to a certain extent. Wood, A. R., Esko, T., Yang, J., Vedantam, S., Pers, T. H., Gustafsson, S., … & Amin, N. (2014). Defining the role of common variation in the genomic and biological architecture of adult human height. Nature genetics, 46(11), 1173.

Grasgruber, P., Cacek, J., Kalina, T., & Sebera, M. (2014). The role of nutrition and genetics as key determinants of the positive height trend. Economics & Human Biology, 15, 81-100. In other words, an indicative measure of good health in adults is manifest in the height and weight chart.By the age of eight, the rate of growth for boys begins to slow, but for girls it stays high and around the age of nine, we see that the median height of girls is slightly higher than for boys. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC) (2016). A century of trends in adult human height. eLife, p. e13410.

For instance, animal proteins comprise 9.5% of energy intake in Madagascar, where the average male height is 161.5 cm; Botswanans get 12.5% of their calories from animal proteins, and the men are 10 cm taller on average. But even larger height disparities begin to arise at high levels of animal protein intake. Girls tend to stop growing a few years earlier than boys, reaching their final adult height around 16 years old. Boys peak later, at around 18 years old. At this stage, they’re 13 centimeters taller than girls on average. Eat as many unprocessed foods as possible such as fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, and dairy. Regionally, the standard deviation of male heights is largest in North America and Australia, at 7.49 cm, and smallest in East Asia, at 6.37 cm. The pattern is the same for women, with 6.96 cm in North America and Australia, and 5.74 cm in East Asia. Some of the distribution of heights within a population is likely to reflect the degree of genetic variance. 42 How does environment and living standards affect the distribution of heights?In fringe cases, it is possible that some disease or condition could be hampering your growth, and it is possible that a doctor may be able to assist you in such a case, which may in turn affect height. For the most part however, peak height is reached by the time a child has gone through puberty, and it is likely that any child past puberty will maintain their height throughout adulthood. Over the last two millennia, human height, based on skeletal remains, has stayed fairly steady, oscillating around 170cm. With the onset of modernity, we see a massive spike in heights in the developed world. It is worth noting that using skeletal remains is subject to measurement error with respect to the estimated height and time period. Male heights from skeletons in Europe, 1-2000 – Clark 2 Increase of human height over two centuries World Health Organization. (1995). Physical status: The use of and interpretation of anthropometry, Report of a WHO Expert Committee.